Zakynthos, often referred to as “the Flower of the East,” boasts a rich tapestry of history and culture, significantly influenced by over three centuries of Venetian rule from 1485 to 1797. This period left an indelible mark on the island’s architecture, with numerous landmarks reflecting the distinctive Venetian style.
Venetian Castle of Zakynthos
Perched atop the hill of Bohali overlooking Zakynthos Town, the Venetian Castle stands as a testament to the island’s strategic importance during Venetian times. Constructed in 1646 on the remnants of an ancient acropolis and a former Byzantine fortress, the castle’s entrance is adorned with the Winged Lion of Saint Mark, symbolizing Venetian authority. Despite enduring damage from wars and earthquakes, the castle offers visitors a glimpse into the past and panoramic views of the island.
Argassi Bridge
Located in the coastal village of Argassi, the Argassi Bridge is a unique 19th-century structure that intriguingly lies partially submerged in the sea. Built around 1800 at the mouth of a river, this three-arched bridge now stands as a historical curiosity, blending seamlessly with its maritime surroundings.
Venetian Watchtowers
Scattered across Zakynthos are several Venetian watchtowers, erected to monitor and defend against potential sea invasions. Notably, in the village of Exo Chora, visitors can find a well-preserved 15th-century Venetian tower. These structures highlight the island’s defensive strategies during Venetian rule and offer insights into the military architecture of the era.
Church of Agios Nikolaos in Kiliomenos
The Church of Agios Nikolaos, situated in the village of Kiliomenos, exemplifies Venetian ecclesiastical architecture. The church is renowned for its impressive bell tower, which stands separate from the main building, creating a distinctive architectural ensemble. This separation is a notable feature, reflecting the blend of local and Venetian influences.
St. Mark’s Roman Catholic Church
Located in Zakynthos Town’s St. Mark’s Square, St. Mark’s Roman Catholic Church holds the distinction of being the only Catholic church on the island. Originally constructed in 1518 during Venetian rule, the church underwent significant rebuilding over the centuries. Although the 1953 earthquake led to its destruction, it was reconstructed in the 1960s, preserving its historical essence.
Venetian Urban Design
Beyond individual landmarks, the overall urban design of Zakynthos Town reflects Venetian influence. Prior to the devastating earthquake of 1953, the town featured low buildings, porticoes, and squares reminiscent of Venetian cities. While reconstruction efforts aimed to preserve this aesthetic, the blend of old and new continues to characterize the town’s architectural landscape.
The Venetian legacy in Zakynthos is a captivating blend of history and architecture. Exploring these landmarks offers a journey through time, revealing the enduring influence of Venetian rule on this enchanting Greek island.
Leave a Reply